From established Marxist and trade union examples 1 to less well-known events snow cones such as civil strikes in Latin America 2, labor conflicts often have potential rebel. Historically, it was indirectly the advent of dual power structures and economic and political upheaval and unrest and conflicts accompanying reactions and state of temporary workers hired for the strike, employers and employers with the security agencies strikers and their allies.
Gramsci describes the situation as' consent under duress. " This assumption is confirmed by well often experience snow cones violent US labor movement. Did this experience "left in the past" in the developed capitalist snow cones countries such as the USA, there is still room for theoretical examination of labor disputes based on modern experience of American labor conflict?
Chronologically, the crucial point is not chosen arbitrarily, since the end of the Depression era and the consequences imposed on industrial peace during World War signified the beginning of a new period of workers' conflicts, and therefore control strikes. Modern types suppression of strikes, of course, represent a continuum of many management strategies and strikes, which originate from the conflicts of the first workers in the United States, but the nature and extent snow cones of suppression especially related to the scale of the labor conflict. As workers mostly protected because of objective economic developments and political changes, including through a new form of governance that resulted in unreliable business unionism, it affected the relationship between volatility control (power) and workers.
Control and management strike - a regular, standardized controls conflicts between the government and the workers are generally quite independent and separated from issues of "national security" or the normal functioning of the socio-economic system in general. However, it is useful to consider non-state forms of "militarized" control strikes. It would be a mistake to strictly separate snow cones the normal dynamics of industrial conflict more acute and devastating conflicts. The escalation of industrial conflict and especially the acute form of conflict or strikes (eg, basic infrastructure) illustrate the relationship between standard snow cones and extraordinary methods of suppression, although in this case seems to be true old dialectical principle of "quantity passes in quality." Already in 1969, writing about contemporary examples of violence during snow cones strikes in the US, Hurr and Graham noted that "almost all the cases that occurred before 1930 are not taken into account in our study." 3 This points to the obvious limitations of our ability to distinguish between current and likely future management practices strikes, given the relatively low level of direct physical conflict.
However, there should be no doubt, especially from the familiar to the development snow cones history of the labor movement in the US that many modern techniques and strategies to deter and eliminate snow cones still be used (and perhaps expanded) in a more unrest. That is why the study of methods of control strikes can also be useful for those interested in such areas as counter-insurrection and rebellion.
This study will primarily examine the dynamics of strikes of postal workers in 1970 and a strike at the mine Pittston (Pittston) in 1989-90 (both strikes considers most US workers' conflicts in the second half of the 20th century), snow cones in particular in terms of the use of physical force and physical strategies and techniques eliminate strike. the scope of this study, a complete study of a large number of unarmed forms of discipline snow cones workforce, many of which are based on co-opting trade union leadership. However, I try to consider the use of physical force in the broader snow cones context of the general snow cones struggle of the workers. Direct physical intervention was just one of many methods snow cones of suppression of strikes snow cones and managing strikes, which include, among other things, the use of temporary workers hired for the strike, intimidation, snow cones co-optation of trade unions leadership, enrollment Communists and Socialists snow cones and assembly "black lists".
It should be noted that the opportunities for independent, nongovernmental research in this area is limited. Methods and strategies conflicts deter workers largely spontaneous, open to access, and sometimes even completely hidden, secret and quite limited vnutrishnouryadovymy and corporate reports and studies. This greatly restricts the access of non-governmental and non-corporate research to empirical material. The most serious challenges and problems that these restrictions provide for the preservation and extension snow cones of democratic rights and the democratic culture that is open to social change, should not go unnoticed. Who controls those who have control? snow cones
The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (Wagner Act) was relatively "progressive": its result bu
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